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Mieloma Múltiplo (Parte 1) – Atualização Sobre Epidemiologia, Critérios Diagnósticos, Tratamento Sistêmico e Prognóstico

2023; Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany); Volume: 58; Issue: 03 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1055/s-0043-1770149

1982-4378

Alex Guedes, Ricardo Gehrke Becker, Luiz Eduardo Moreira Teixeira,

Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by unregulated and clonal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow; these cells produce and secrete an anomalous monoclonal immunoglobulin, or a fragment of this, called M protein. The clinical manifestations of MM result from the proliferation of these plasmocytes, the excessive production of monoclonal immunoglobulin and the suppression of normal humoral immunity, leading to hypercalcemia, bone destruction, renal failure, suppression of hematopoiesis and humoral immunity, increasing the risk for the development of infections. The increase in life expectancy of the world population led to a concomitant increase in the prevalence of MM, a pathology that usually affects the elderly population. The aim of this review is to update the reader on epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis with other monoclonal gammopathies, systemic treatment and prognosis of MM.