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The representative COVID-19 cohort Munich (KoCo19): from the beginning of the pandemic to the Delta virus variant

2023; BioMed Central; Volume: 23; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1186/s12879-023-08435-1

1471-2334

Ronan Le Gleut, Michael Plank, Peter Pütz, Katja Radon, Abhishek Bakuli, Raquel Rubio‐Acero, Ivana Paunović, F. Rieß, Simon Winter, Christina Reinkemeyer, Yannik Schälte, Laura Olbrich, Marlene Hannes, Inge Kroidl, Iván Noreña, Christian Janke, Andreas Wieser, Michael Höelscher, Christiane Fuchs, Noemi Castelletti, Mohamed Ibraheem Mohamed Ahmed, Emad Alamoudi, Jared L. Anderson, Valeria Baldassarre, Maximilian Baumann, Marc Becker, Franziska Bednarski, Marieke Behlen, Olimbek Bemirayev, Jessica Beyerl, Patrick Bitzer, Rebecca Böhnlein, Isabel Brand, Anna Brauer, Vera Britz, Jan Bruger, Franziska Bünz, Friedrich Caroli, Josephine Coleman, Lorenzo Contento, Alina Czwienzek, Flora Deák, Maximilian N. Diefenbach, Paulina Diepers, Anna Do, Gerhard Dobler, Jürgen Durner, Tabea M. Eser, Ute Eberle, Judith Eckstein, Philine Falk, Manuela Feyereisen, Volker Fingerle, Stefanie Fischer, Jonathan Frese, Felix Forster, Günter Fröschl, Otto Geisenberger, Mercè Garí, Marius Gasser, Sonja Gauder, Raffaela Geier, Kristina Gillig, Christof Geldmacher, Keisha Gezgin, Leonard Gilberg, Kristina Gillig, Philipp Girl, Elias Golschan, Vitus Grauvogl, Jessica Michelle Guggenbüehl Noller, Elena Maria Guglielmini, Pablo Gutierrez, Anselm Haderer, Celina Halfmann, Lena Hartinger, Timm Haselwarter, Jan Hasenauer, Alejandra Hernández, Luca Heller, Arlett Heiber, Matthias Herrmann, Leah Hillari, Stefan Hillmann, Christian Hinske, Janna Hoefflin, Tim Hofberger, Michael Höfinger, Larissa Hofmann, Sacha Horn, Kristina Huber, Christian Janke, Lilian Karger, Ursula Kappl, Antonia Keßler, Zohaib Khan, Charlotte Kiani, Isabel Klugherz, Norah Kreider, Johanna Kresin, Arne Kroidl, Pratik Kunder, Magdalena Lang, Clemens Lang, Silvan Lange, Ekaterina Lapteva, Michael Laxy, Reiner Leidl, Leopold Liedl, Felix Lindner, Xhovana Lucaj, Elisabeth Lucke, Fabian Luppa, Alexandra Sophie Nafziger, Alexander Maczka, Petra Mang, Alisa Markgraf, Paula Matcau, Rebecca Mayrhofer, Anna‐Maria Mekota, Dafni Metaxa, Emily Mohr, Katharina Müller, Katharina Müller, Nathália Nascimento, Kasimir Niermeyer, Sophia Nikolaides, Leonie Pattard, Claire Pleimelding, Michel Pletschette, V. Pöll, Stephan Prückner, Kerstin Puchinger, Konstantin Pusl, Elba Raimúndez, Julius Raschka, Jakob Reich, Christina Reinkemeyer, Camilla Rothe, Viktoria Ruci, Elmar Saathoff, Nicole Schäfer, Paul Schandelmaier, Benedikt Schluse, Annika Schneider, Lara Schneider, Sophie Schultz, Mirjam Schunk, Lars Schwettmann, Josefin Sedlmeier, Linda Sintu-Sempta, Alba Soler, Peter Sothmann, Katharina Strobl, Aida Strüber, Laura Strüber, Jeni Tang, Fabian J. Theis, Verena Thiel, Eva Thumser, Niklas Thur, Julian Ullrich, Vincent Vollmayr, Emilia Von Lovenberg, Jonathan Von Lovenberg, Carsten Vos, Julia Waibel, Claudia Wallrauch, Nikolas Weigl, Roman Wölfl, Julia Wolff, Pia Wullinger, Tobias Würfel, Patrick Wustrow, Sabine Zange, Eleftheria Zeggini, Anna Zielke, Thorbjörn Zimmer, Thomas Zimmermann, Anna Zielke, Lea Zuche,

COVID-19 epidemiological studies

Population-based serological studies allow to estimate prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections despite a substantial number of mild or asymptomatic disease courses. This became even more relevant for decision making after vaccination started. The KoCo19 cohort tracks the pandemic progress in the Munich general population for over two years, setting it apart in Europe.Recruitment occurred during the initial pandemic wave, including 5313 participants above 13 years from private households in Munich. Four follow-ups were held at crucial times of the pandemic, with response rates of at least 70%. Participants filled questionnaires on socio-demographics and potential risk factors of infection. From Follow-up 2, information on SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was added. SARS-CoV-2 antibody status was measured using the Roche Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 anti-N assay (indicating previous infection) and the Roche Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 anti-S assay (indicating previous infection and/or vaccination). This allowed us to distinguish between sources of acquired antibodies.The SARS-CoV-2 estimated cumulative sero-prevalence increased from 1.6% (1.1-2.1%) in May 2020 to 14.5% (12.7-16.2%) in November 2021. Underreporting with respect to official numbers fluctuated with testing policies and capacities, becoming a factor of more than two during the second half of 2021. Simultaneously, the vaccination campaign against the SARS-CoV-2 virus increased the percentage of the Munich population having antibodies, with 86.8% (85.5-87.9%) having developed anti-S and/or anti-N in November 2021. Incidence rates for infections after (BTI) and without previous vaccination (INS) differed (ratio INS/BTI of 2.1, 0.7-3.6). However, the prevalence of infections was higher in the non-vaccinated population than in the vaccinated one. Considering the whole follow-up time, being born outside Germany, working in a high-risk job and living area per inhabitant were identified as risk factors for infection, while other socio-demographic and health-related variables were not. Although we obtained significant within-household clustering of SARS-CoV-2 cases, no further geospatial clustering was found.Vaccination increased the coverage of the Munich population presenting SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, but breakthrough infections contribute to community spread. As underreporting stays relevant over time, infections can go undetected, so non-pharmaceutical measures are crucial, particularly for highly contagious strains like Omicron.