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Increased interregional virus exchange and nucleotide diversity outline the expansion of chikungunya virus in Brazil

2023; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 14; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/s41467-023-40099-y

2041-1723

Joilson Xavier, Luíz Carlos Júnior Alcântara, Vagner Fonseca, Maurício Lima, Emerson Castro, Hegger Fritsch, Carla de Oliveira, Natália Rocha Guimarães, Talita Adelino, Mariane Evaristo, Evandra Strazza Rodrigues, Elaine Vieira Santos, Debora Glenda Lima de La‐Roque, Laíse de Moraes, Stephane Tosta, Adelino da Cunha Neto, Alexander Rosewell, Ana Flávia Mendonça, Anderson Brandão Leite, Andreza Vasconcelos, Arabela L. Silva de Mello, Bergson Vasconcelos, Camila Amato Montalbano, Camila Zanluca, Carla Freitas, Carlos F. Campelo de Albuquerque, Claudia Nunes Duarte dos Santos, Cleiton Silva Santos, Cliomar Alves dos Santos, Crhistinne Cavalheiro Maymone Gonçalves, Dalane Loudal Florentino Teixeira, Daniel Ferreira de Lima Neto, Diego Guerra de Albuquerque Cabral, Elaine Cristina de Oliveira, Ethel L. Noia Maciel, Felicidade Mota Pereira, Felipe Campos de Melo Iani, Fernanda P. de Carvalho, Gabriela Andrade, Gabriela Gomes de Oliveira Bezerra, Gislene Garcia de Castro Lichs, Glauco Carvalho Pereira, Haline Barroso, Helena Cristina Ferreira Franz, Hivylla Lorrana dos Santos Ferreira, Iago Pachêco Gomes, Irina Nastassja Riediger, Isabela Rodrigues, Isadora Cristina de Siqueira, Jacilane Silva, Jairo Mendez Rico, Jaqueline Lima, Jayra Abrantes, Jean Phellipe Marques do Nascimento, Judith N. Wasserheit, Julia Pastor, Jurandy Júnior Ferraz de Magalhães, Kléber Giovanni Luz, Lídio Gonçãlves Lima Neto, Lívia Carla Vinhal Frutuoso, Luana Barbosa da Silva, Ludmila Sena, Luís Artur Ferreira de Sousa, Luiz Augusto Pereira, Luiz Henrique Ferraz Demarchi, Magaly C. B. Câmara, Marcela G. Astete, María Almirón, Maricélia Maia de Lima, Marina Castilhos Souza Umaki Zardin, Mayra Marinho Presibella, Melissa Barreto Falcão, Michael Gale, Naishe Freire, Nelson Marques, Noely Fabiana Oliveira de Moura, Pedro E. Almeida Da Silva, Peter Rabinowitz, Rivaldo Venâncio da Cunha, Karen Soares Trinta, Rodrigo Fabiano do Carmo Said, Rodrigo Bentes Kato, Rodrigo Stabeli, Ronaldo de Jesus, Roselene Hans Santos, Simone Kashima, Svetoslav Nanev Slavov, Tamires Andrade, Themis Rocha, Thiago Franco de Oliveira Carneiro, Vanessa Brandão Nardy, Vinícius Duval da Silva, Walterlene G. Carvalho, Wesley C. Van Voorhis, Wildo Navegantes de Araújo, Ana María Bispo de Filippis, Marta Giovanetti,

Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research

Abstract The emergence and reemergence of mosquito-borne diseases in Brazil such as yellow fever, zika, chikungunya, and dengue have had serious impacts on public health. Concerns have been raised due to the rapid dissemination of the chikungunya virus across the country since its first detection in 2014 in Northeast Brazil. In this work, we carried out on-site training activities in genomic surveillance in partnership with the National Network of Public Health Laboratories that have led to the generation of 422 chikungunya virus genomes from 12 Brazilian states over the past two years (2021–2022), a period that has seen more than 312 thousand chikungunya fever cases reported in the country. These genomes increased the amount of available data and allowed a more comprehensive characterization of the dispersal dynamics of the chikungunya virus East-Central-South-African lineage in Brazil. Tree branching patterns revealed the emergence and expansion of two distinct subclades. Phylogeographic analysis indicated that the northeast region has been the leading hub of virus spread towards other regions. Increased frequency of C > T transitions among the new genomes suggested that host restriction factors from the immune system such as ADAR and AID/APOBEC deaminases might be driving the genetic diversity of the chikungunya virus in Brazil.