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Dynamic Systems Model for Evaluating Atmospheric Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Accordance with USEPA CFR PART 98 Subpart W

2023; Science Publishing Group; Linguagem: Inglês

10.11648/j.ajep.20231204.12

2328-5680

Marcelo Cruz dos Santos, Claudinei de Souza Guimarães, Amarildo da Cruz Fernandes,

Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods

The oil industry has a relevant role in the generation of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) in its various segments, among them the Exploration and Production of Oil and Natural Gas (E&P). There are several methodologies for GHG inventories, each with different degrees of uncertainty, which makes the quantification of emissions complex, given the large number of variables to be analyzed. According to the Compendium of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Methodologies for the Oil and Gas Industry of the American Petroleum Institute (API), all GHG emissions should be calculated as a product of an "activity factor" by an appropriate "emission factor". That is, the amount of fuel used, considering how it is used. The product between the activity data and the emission factors provides an estimate of the GHG emissions associated with the company's activities. Based on this premise, this paper presents a model developed in System Dynamics (SD) for the preparation of inventories of CO 2 and CH 4 emissions, the main GHG emitted by the oil industry. The model was developed to meet the requirements of "Subpart W" of the United States Environmental and Protection Agency (USEPA) CFR Part 98, which states that oil and gas E&P facilities that emit at least 25 x 10 3 t CO 2 e/year, must report their estimates of total annual GHG emissions, annual individualized emissions of each GHG, and annual individualized emissions of each GHG broken down by source type expressed in metric tons of CO 2 e. The proposed model goes beyond the USEPA requirements in that it also allows estimation of emissions of CO 2 , of CH 4 and their equivalence in CO 2 e from specific sources and groups of sources, generating an estimate of the emissions profile over the entire lifetime of the inventoried facility.