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Push and Pull Factors of Why Medical Students Want to Leave Türkiye: A Countrywide Multicenter Study

2023; Taylor & Francis; Volume: 36; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1080/10401334.2023.2229810

1532-8015

Erhan Eser, Elif ÇİL, Nesibe Efruz Şen Gündoğan, Meltem Çöl, Elif Nur YILDIRIM ÖZTÜRK, David Terence Thomas, Ahmet Tevfik Sünter, Hatice Nilden Arslan, Rıza Çıtıl, Yalçın Önder, Metin Pıçakçıefe, Bahadır Dede, Can Demirel, Neriman Aydın, Çiğdem Çağlayan, Ahmet Alp Aker, Arda Borlu, Hasan Durmuş, Günay Can, Esin Siddikoglu, Haldun Sümer, Tunahan Uygun, Seval Alkoy, Kübra Aktaş Aycan, İbrahim Koruk, Rüstem Kuzan, Lütfi Saltuk Demir, Esra Hacılar, Hıdır Sarı, Zehra Kılınç, Özgür Önal, Edanur Doğan, Mestan Emek, R. Günsel Terzioğlu, Gülçin Yapıcı, Deniz ERDAL, Sultan Eser, Emine Ayhan Akman, Zahide Koşan, Sinan Yılmaz, Ferruh Niyazi Ayoğlu, Bilgehan Açıkgöz, Berna Musal, Ahmet Furkan SÜNER, Ayşegül Erdoğan, İdris Cilburunoglu, Meral Saygun, Didem Daymaz, Didem Arslantaş, Muhammed Fatih Önsüz, Nazım Ercüment Beyhun, Medine Gözde ÜSTÜNDAĞ, Galip Ekuklu, Fulya ÖZDER TAŞ, Filiz Abacıgil, Selcen Öncü, Seyhan Hıdıroğlu, Ayşe Özaydın, Edibe Pi̇ri̇nçci̇, İrem Bulut, Mustafa Tözün, Muzaffer Eskiocak, Pınar Günel Karadeniz, Sebahat Dılek Torun, Melike Yavuz, Metin Hasde, Derya Çamur, Gülşen Güneş, Burak Kurt, Nuket Guler Baysoy, Nadi Bakırcı, Figen Demir, Binali Çatak, Ferda Özyurda, Mustafa Turan,

Diversity and Career in Medicine

AbstractPhenomenon: Physician immigration from other countries is increasing as developed countries continue to be desirable destinations for physicians; however, the determinants of Turkish physicians' migration decisions are still unclear. Despite its wide coverage in the media and among physicians in Türkiye, and being the subject of much debate, there is insufficient data to justify this attention. With this study, we aimed to investigate the tendency of senior medical students in Türkiye to pursue their professional careers abroad and its related factors. Approach: This cross-sectional study involved 9881 senior medical students from 39 different medical schools in Türkiye in 2022. Besides participants' migration decision, we evaluated the push and pull factors related to working, social environment and lifestyle in Türkiye and abroad, medical school education inadequacy, and personal insufficiencies, as well as the socioeconomic variables that may affect the decision to migrate abroad. The analyses were carried out with a participation rate of at least 50%. Findings: Of the medical students, 70.7% had emigration intentions. Approximately 60% of those want to stay abroad permanently, and 61.5% of them took initiatives such as learning a foreign language abroad (54.5%) and taking relevant exams (18.9%). Those who wanted to work in the field of Research & Development were 1.37 (95% CI: 1.22–1.54) times more likely to emigrate. The push factor that was related to emigration intention was the "working conditions in the country" (OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.56–2.28) whereas the "social environment/lifestyle abroad" was the mere pull factor for the tendency of emigration (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.45–2.06). In addition, the quality problem in medical schools also had a significant impact on students' decisions (OR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.83–2.65). Insights: Although the percentage of those who want to emigrate "definitely" was at the same level as in the other developing countries, the tendency to migrate "permanently" was higher in Türkiye. Improving working conditions in the country and increasing the quality of medical faculties seem vital in preventing the migration of physicians.Keywords: Medical educationmedical studentscareer choiceimmigrationemigration Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.