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An updated review on pathogenic coronaviruses (CoVs) amid the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants: A look into the repercussions and possible solutions

2023; Elsevier BV; Volume: 16; Issue: 11 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.jiph.2023.09.004

1876-035X

Ali A. Rabaan, Maha Fahad Alenazy, Ahmad A. Alshehri, Mohammed Abdulrahman Alshahrani, Maha F. Al‐Subaie, Hayam Ali AlRasheed, Nawal Al Kaabi, Nanamika Thakur, Nabiha A. Bouafia, Mohammed Alissa, Abdulrahman M. Alsulaiman, Abeer Albaadani, Hatem M. Alhani, Ali H. Alhaddad, Wadha Alfouzan, Batool Ali, Khadija H. Al-Abdulali, Faryal Khamis, Ali Ahmed Bayahya, Mona A. Al Fares, Manish Sharma, Manish Dhawan,

Long-Term Effects of COVID-19

SARS-CoV-2, responsible for COVID-19, shares 79% and 50% of its identity with SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV, respectively. It uses the same main cell attachment and entry receptor as SARS-CoV-1, which is the ACE-2 receptor. However, key residues in the receptor-binding domain of its S-protein seem to give it a stronger affinity for the receptor and a better ability to hide from the host immune system. Like SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV, cytokine storms in critically ill COVID-19 patients cause ARDS, neurological pathology, multiorgan failure, and increased death. Though many issues remain, the global research effort and lessons from SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV are hopeful. The emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants and subvariants raised serious concerns among the scientific community amid the emergence of other viral diseases like monkeypox and Marburg virus, which are major concerns for healthcare settings worldwide. Hence, an updated review on the comparative analysis of various coronaviruses (CoVs) has been developed, which highlights the evolution of CoVs and their repercussions.