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Energy-loss straggling of helium in elemental solids: The importance of the charge-exchange and bunching effects

2023; Elsevier BV; Volume: 783; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.tsf.2023.140038

1879-2731

Felipe Ferreira Selau, A. Molling, H. Trombini, R. C. Fadanelli, M. Vos, P.L. Grande,

Nuclear Physics and Applications

In this study, we extend to Helium (He) ions the analysis of the energy-loss straggling of protons in simple materials as presented in NIMB 497 70 (2021). Our findings show that the excess of energy-loss straggling for both protons and He ions is highly correlated to the inhomogeneous distribution of electrons over the unit cell, referred to here as bunching effects, and that charge-exchange straggling has a minor impact, although it can compete with bunching effects for light targets. The Convolution approximation for swift Particles program was used to demonstrate that the bunching effect is a significant contributor to the straggling for both protons and He ions. In addition, we show that packing effects, a special form of bunching is of minor importance. The Yang-O'Connor-Wang formula for He was refined in this work to account for recent experimental data.