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Ru-Doped Co 3 O 4 Nanoparticles as Efficient and Stable Electrocatalysts for the Chlorine Evolution Reaction

2023; American Chemical Society; Volume: 8; Issue: 38 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1021/acsomega.3c04525

2470-1343

Won Il Choi, Seungwoo Choi, Mani Balamurugan, Sunghak Park, Kang Hee Cho, Hongmin Seo, Heonjin Ha, Ki Tae Nam,

Advanced battery technologies research

The electrochemical chlorine evolution reaction (CER) is one of the most important electrochemical reactions. Typically, iridium (Ir)- or ruthenium (Ru)-based mixed metal oxides have been used as electrocatalysts for the CER due to their high activities and durabilities. However, the scarcity of Ir and Ru has indicated the need to develop alternative earth-abundant transition-metal-based CER catalysts. In this study, we report a Co3O4 nanoparticle (NP) catalyst synthesized by a hydrothermal method. Furthermore, Ru was successfully incorporated into the Co3O4 NPs (RuxCo3-xO4 NPs) for further improvement of catalytic performance in chlorine generation. Electrokinetic analyses combined with in situ X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) results suggested an identical CER mechanism for the Co3O4 NPs and RuxCo3-xO4 NPs. Various characterization techniques demonstrated that the homogeneous substitution of Ru4+ ions into the Co3+ octahedral sites enhanced the structural disorder and changed the electronic state of Co3O4, resulting in additional exposed active sites. Remarkably, the Ru0.09Co2.91O4 NP electrode exhibited outstanding stability for more than 150 h even at a high current density of 500 mA/cm2, which shows its commercial viability for active chlorine generation.