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The Ancient Hydrographic Network of the Taman Peninsula, According to Earth Remote Sensing Data and Geomorphologic Research

2023; Springer International Publishing; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1007/978-3-031-46424-9_2

2524-3438

Е. А. Мануилова, O. V. Khotylev, S. V. Olkhovskiy, Ф. С. Щепелев, А. О. Хотылев, A. A. Mayorov,

Archaeology and ancient environmental studies

The prevailing view is that the cause of significant changes in the shape of the Taman Peninsula during the past 2500 years is sea-level fluctuations. In our opinion, the leading role in the process of topography restructuring belongs to the tectonic factor. Therefore paleogeographic reconstructions made so far need to be evaluated and refined. This article is devoted to study the hydrographic network of the region. The presence of fresh water sources in ancient times is the main point when choosing the place founded settlement. At the turn of the 7th-6th centuries BC, during the Great Greek colonization, the first Greek immigrants from the cities of the Mediterranean and Asia Minor arrived on the shores of the archipelago. They established their own settlements here. The large number of settlements they founded implies the presence of a sufficient number of sources of fresh water. However, at present, space images show that even near the main cities of Asian Bosporus there are no permanent streams. Because of the data analysis from remote sensing and aerial photography, the ancient and modern hydrographic networks were localized, and types of fluvial landforms as well as landscape topography and morphology were identified. Matching ancient and modern watercourses showed that changes in the direction of water flow were happening on the part of the Taman Peninsula in the past 2500 years, probably caused by tectonic development. It was found that tectonic activization of the region occurred in separate blocks, and ancient watercourses formed and developed in periods of maximum humidity. Probable outlines of paleo straits were refined, and points for drilling wells were outlined.