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Nanobiofertilizers: Applications, Crop Productivity, and Sustainable Agriculture

2023; Springer International Publishing; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1007/978-3-031-41329-2_9

2523-8035

Girija Somna, Dinakar Challabathula, Kavya Bakka,

Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications

Chemical fertilizers are extensively used and are the most expensive agricultural practices to increase crop productivity. Their have very negative impacts on the environment such as long residual action and environmental toxicity. As a better technique for reducing environmental impacts, nanofertilizers are believed to be a promising eco-friendly alternative to chemical fertilizers. Nanofertilizers enhance seed germination, improve soil quality, and increase nutrient use efficiency and pesticide residue degradation, which enhance crop productivity. Further, modifying nanofertilizers with different microorganisms showed added advantages by enhancing nutrition status and resistance in plants. Hence, nano-biofertilizers pave way toward a sustainable future in agriculture. Biofertilizers consisted primarily of live preparations of beneficial microorganisms, such as Rhizobium spp., which promote plant growth. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria such as Rhizobia, blue-green algae (BGA), mycorrhizal fungi, the bacteria Azotobacter, Azospirillum, and Pseudomonas spp. They increase the nourishment provided to crops by elevating nitrogen fixation and solubilizing organic matter into a simpler form, making it bioavailable to plants. In this chapter, we summarize the applications of nanotechnology to enhance plant growth and plant protection and the different methodologies for the synthesis of desired nanoparticles (NPs).