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Epidemiological profile of the main prevalent liver diseases in Brazil Northeast and possible impacts associated with the COVID-19 pandemic

2023; Servicios Academicos Intercontinentales; Volume: 15; Issue: 12 Linguagem: Inglês

10.55905/cuadv15n12-096

1989-4155

Cleonilde Maria do Nascimento, Alex José de Melo Silva, Jéssica Paula Lucena, Juliana Ellen de Melo Gama, Cícero Jádson Da Costa, Elane Beatriz de Jesus Oliveira, Danielle Maria Nascimento Moura, Helotônio Carvalho, Sheilla Andrade de Oliveira,

Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology

Liver diseases especially hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease (ALD), and cancer are among the main causes of morbidity-mortality worldwide. Here, we analyzed data on hospital admissions, prevalence and mortality rates due to ALD, liver cancer, viral hepatitis and schistosomiasis in northeastern Brazil between 2000-2020, and investigate possible impacts caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in these data. In this period, Pernambuco (PE) and Bahia (BA) stood out for the growth in admissions for ALD: 707.2% and 177.3%, respectively; Paraiba (PB), Ceará (CE), and Alagoas (AL) showed the highest prevalence: 9.8%, 7.9%, 6.8%, respectively; and Maranhão (MA) showed the lowest: 2.1%. The highest mortality rates were RN (22.8%), SE (22.1%), and the lowest, PI (9.5%). For Neoplasms, we highlight PE, BA, and CE with increases of 659.4%, 934.6%, and 1,069.6% in admissions, respectively. Regarding mortality, the highest averages were observed for BA (31.1%), and CE (17.9%). However, in this period, admissions due to hepatitis were reduced about 70% in the country. The highest prevalence means in the period were MA (7.37%) and PE (6.38%). PE had the highest mean mortality (9.1%), followed by BA (7.1%). Hospitalizations for schistosomiasis decreased between 2000-2020, with emphasis to AL (98.4%), BA (92.3%), and PE (93.4%). The same was observed for prevalence and mortality. Analyzing admissions data from 2020 compared to the average from 2015 to 2019, a significant decrease in hospitalizations due to hepatitis, ALD, and schistosomiasis was observed. However, admissions for liver cancer increased. These data show the importance of epidemiological screening of liver diseases in Brazilian regions and highlight the need for a thorough mapping of the real impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health data recording systems in the country.