Brazil, Bolsonaro and populism of the right
2023; Brill; Linguagem: Inglês
10.1017/9781788215992.007
ISSN2588-8072
AutoresVictor de Oliveira Pinto Coelho,
Tópico(s)Social and Political Issues
ResumoIn the political analysis of Latin America and Brazil, when we mention “populism”, we immediately think about the long tradition of figures such as Getúlio Vargas (Brazil), Juan Domingo Perón (Argentina), Lázaro Cárdenas del Rio (Mexico) or José María Velasco Ibarra (Ecuador). It relates to a time when Latin America was going through a period of intense and complex processes of modernization and inclusion of the working class, within the framework of labour laws and political democracy. More recently, we have witnessed a “return” of populism in Latin America as elsewhere, but now in a conservative version and in a particular context in macroeconomic terms. Unlike the “classical” era of populism, the current neoliberal hegemony has led to a reduction of the role of the state, in favour of greater freedom for capital flows and a shrinking of the labour market, of social policies, of labour rights, and so on. Latin American presidents, characterized by their populist appeal, were very much part of this conjuncture, such as Alberto Fujimori (Peru) and Fernando Collor de Mello (Brazil). What does this new populism of the right signify? How does it relate to the classic populism and the original incorporation of the masses into the democratic order?
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