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Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities

2024; Wiley; Volume: 51; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1111/jbi.14816

1365-2699

Bruno Garcia Luize, D.E. Bauman, Hans ter Steege, Clarisse Palma‐Silva, Iêda Leão do Amaral, Luiz de Souza Coêlho, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos, Diógenes de Andrade Lima Filho, Rafael P. Salomão, Florian Wittmann, Carolina V. Castilho, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim, Juan Ernesto Guevara, Oliver L. Phillips, William E. Magnusson, Daniel Sabatier, Juan David Cardenas Revilla, Jean‐François Molino, Mariana Victória Irume, Maria Pires Martins, José Renan da Silva Guimarães, José Ferreira Ramos, Olaf Bánki, María Teresa Fernández Piedade, Dairon Cárdenas López, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Layon O. Demarchi, Jochen Schöngart, Evlyn Márcia Moraes de Leão Novo, Percy Núñez Vargas, Thiago Sanna Freire Silva, Eduardo Martins Venticinque, Ângelo Gilberto Manzatto, Neidiane Farias Costa Reis, John Terborgh, Katia Regina Casula, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Juan Carlos Montero, Flávia R. C. Costa, Ted R. Feldpausch, Adriano Costa Quaresma, Nicolás Castaño Arboleda, Charles E. Zartman, Timothy J. Killeen, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Ben Hur Marimon, Rodolfo Vásquez, Bonifacio Mostacedo, Rafael L. Assis, Christopher Baraloto, Dário Dantas do Amaral, Julien Engel, Pascal Pétronelli, Hernán Castellanos, Marcelo Brilhante de Medeiros, Marcelo Fragomeni Simon, Ana Andrade, José Luís Camargo, William F. Laurance, Susan G. W. Laurance, Lorena Maniguaje Rincón, Juliana Schietti, Thaiane R. Sousa, Emanuelle de Sousa Farias, Maria Aparecida Lopes, José Leonardo Lima Magalhães, Henrique Eduardo Mendonça Nascimento, Helder Lima de Queiroz, Gerardo A. Aymard C., Roel Brienen, Pablo R. Stevenson, Alejandro Araujo‐Murakami, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra, Timothy R. Baker, Yuri Oliveira Feitosa, Hugo F. Mogollón, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, Carlos A. Peres, Miles R. Silman, Leandro Valle Ferreira, José Rafael Lozada, James A. Comiskey, José Júlio de Toledo, Gabriel Damasco, Nállarett Dávila, Freddie C. Draper, Roosevelt García‐Villacorta, Aline Lopes, Alberto Vicentini, Fernando Cornejo Valverd, Alfonso Alonso, Luzmila Arroyo, Francisco Dallmeier, Vitor H. F. Gomes, E. Jiménez, David Neill, María Cristina Peñuela Mora, Janaína Costa Noronha, Daniel P. P. de Aguiar, F. R. Barbosa, Yennie K. Bredin, Rainiellen de Sá Carpanedo, Fernanda Antunes Carvalho, Fernanda Coelho de Souza, Kenneth J. Feeley, Rogério Gribel, Torbjørn Haugaasen, Joseph E. Hawes, Marcelo Petratti Pansonato, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Domingos de Jesus Rodrigues, Jos Barlow, Érika Berenguer, Izaias Brasil da Silva, Maria Julia Ferreira, Joice Ferreira, Paul V. A. Fine, Marcelino Carneiro Guedes, Carolina Levis, Juan Carlos Licona, Boris Eduardo Villa Zegarra, Vincent Antoine Vos, Carlos Cerón, Flávia Machado Durgante, Émile Fonty, Terry W. Henkel, John Ethan Householder, Isau Huamantupa‐Chuquimaco, Marcos Silveira, Juliana Stropp, Raquel Thomas, Doug Daly, William Millike, Guido Pardo Molina, R. Toby Pennington, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Bianca Weiss Albuquerque, Wegliane Campelo, Alfredo Fuentes, Bente Klitgaard, José Luís Marcelo Peña, J. Sebastián Tello, Corine Vriesendorp, Jérôme Chave, Anthony Di Fiore, Renato Richard Hilário, Luciana de Oliveira Pereira, Juan Fernando Phillips, Gonzalo Rivas‐Torres, Tinde van Andel, Patricio von Hildebrand, William Balée, Edelcílio Marques Barbosa, Luiz Carlos de Matos Bonates, Hilda Paulette Dávila Doza, Ricardo Zárate Gómez, Therany Gonzales, George Pepe Gallardo Gonzales, Bruce Hoffman, André Braga Junqueira, Yadvinder Malhi, Íres Paula de Andrade Miranda, Linder Felipe Mozombite Pinto, Adriana Prieto, Agustín Rudas, Ademir Roberto Ruschel, Natalino Silva, César I. A. Vela, Stanford Zent, Egleé L. Zent, Ángela Cano, Yrma Andreina Carrero Márquez, Diego F. Correa, Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa Costa, Bernardo M. Flores, David Galbraith, Milena Holmgren, Michelle Kalamandeen, Guilherme Lobo, Luis Torres Montenegro, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, Alexandre A. Oliveira, Maihyra Marina Pombo, Hirma Ramírez‐Angulo, Maira Rocha, Veridiana Vizoni Scudeller, María Natalia Umaña, Geertje van der Heijden, Emilio Vilanova, Manuel Augusto Ahuite Reategui, Cláudia Baider, Henrik Balslev, Sasha Cárdenas, Luisa Fernanda Casas, William Farfán-Ríos, Cid Ferreira, Reynaldo Linares‐Palomino, Casimiro Mendoza, Italo Mesones, Germaine Alexander Parada, Armando Torres‐Lezama, Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo, Daniel Villarroel, Roderick Zagt, Miguel N. Alexiades, Edmar Almeida de Oliveira, Karina García‐Cabrera, Lionel Hernández, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Susamar Pansini, Daniela Pauletto, Freddy Ramírez Arévalo, Adeilza Felipe Sampaio, Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Kyle G. Dexter,

Plant and animal studies

Abstract Aim Amazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types. Location Amazonia. Taxon Angiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots). Methods Data for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega‐phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran's eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny. Results In the terra firme and várzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igapó and white‐sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured ( R 2 = 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified ( R 2 = 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types. Main Conclusion Numerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (>66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long‐standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions.