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One sixth of Amazonian tree diversity is dependent on river floodplains

2024; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 8; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/s41559-024-02364-1

2397-334X

John Ethan Householder, Florian Wittmann, Jochen Schöngart, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade, Wolfgang J. Junk, Edgardo M. Latrubesse, Adriano Costa Quaresma, Layon Oreste Demarchi, Guilherme Lobo, Daniel P. P. de Aguiar, Rafael L. Assis, Aline Lopes, Pia Parolin, Iêda Leão do Amaral, Luiz de Souza Coêlho, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos, Diógenes de Andrade Lima Filho, Rafael P. Salomão, Carolina V. Castilho, Juan Ernesto Guevara-Andino, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim, Oliver L. Phillips, Dairon Cárdenas López, William E. Magnusson, Daniel Sabatier, Juan David Cardenas Revilla, Jean‐François Molino, Mariana Victória Irume, Maria Pires Martins, José Renan da Silva Guimarães, José Ferreira Ramos, Domingos de Jesus Rodrigues, Olaf Bánki, Carlos A. Peres, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Joseph E. Hawes, Everton José Almeida, Luciane Ferreira Barbosa, Larissa Cavalheiro, Márcia Cléia Vilela dos Santos, Bruno Garcia Luize, Evlyn Márcia Moraes de Leão Novo, Percy Núñez Vargas, Thiago Sanna Freire Silva, Eduardo Martins Venticinque, Ângelo Gilberto Manzatto, Neidiane Farias Costa Reis, John Terborgh, Katia Regina Casula, Flávia R. C. Costa, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Juan Carlos Montero, Ted R. Feldpausch, Gerardo A. Aymard C., Christopher Baraloto, Nicolás Castaño Arboleda, Julien Engel, Pascal Pétronelli, Charles E. Zartman, Timothy J. Killeen, Lorena Maniguaje Rincón, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Ben Hur Marimon, Juliana Schietti, Thaiane R. Sousa, Rodolfo Vásquez, Bonifacio Mostacedo, Dário Dantas do Amaral, Hernán Castellanos, Marcelo Brilhante de Medeiros, Marcelo Fragomeni Simon, Ana Andrade, José Luís Camargo, William F. Laurance, Susan G. Laurance, Emanuelle de Sousa Farias, Maria Aparecida Lopes, José Leonardo Lima Magalhães, Henrique Eduardo Mendonça Nascimento, Helder Lima de Queiroz, Roel Brienen, Pablo R. Stevenson, Alejandro Araujo‐Murakami, Timothy R. Baker, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra, Yuri Oliveira Feitosa, Hugo F. Mogollón, Janaína Costa Noronha, F. R. Barbosa, Rainiellen de Sá Carpanedo, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, Miles R. Silman, Leandro Valle Ferreira, Carolina Levis, José Rafael Lozada, James A. Comiskey, Freddie C. Draper, José Júlio de Toledo, Gabriel Damasco, Nállarett Dávila, Roosevelt García‐Villacorta, Alberto Vicentini, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Alfonso Alonso, Luzmila Arroyo, Francisco Dallmeier, Vitor H. F. Gomes, E. Jiménez, David Neill, María Cristina Peñuela Mora, Fernanda Antunes Carvalho, Fernanda Coelho de Souza, Kenneth J. Feeley, Rogério Gribel, Marcelo Petratti Pansonato, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Jos Barlow, Érika Berenguer, Kyle G. Dexter, Joice Ferreira, Paul V. A. Fine, Marcelino Carneiro Guedes, Isau Huamantupa‐Chuquimaco, Juan Carlos Licona, R. Toby Pennington, Boris Eduardo Villa Zegarra, Vincent Antoine Vos, Carlos Cerón, Émile Fonty, Terry W. Henkel, Paul Maas, Edwin Pos, Marcos Silveira, Juliana Stropp, Raquel Thomas, Doug Daly, William Milliken, Guido Pardo Molina, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Bianca Weiss Albuquerque, Wegliane Campelo, Thaíse Emilio, Alfredo Fuentes, Bente Klitgaard, José Luís Marcelo Peña, Priscila Figueira de Souza, J. Sebastián Tello, Corine Vriesendorp, Jérôme Chave, Anthony Di Fiore, Renato Richard Hilário, Luciana de Oliveira Pereira, Juan Fernando Phillips, Gonzalo Rivas‐Torres, Tinde van Andel, Patricio von Hildebrand, William Balée, Edelcílio Marques Barbosa, Luiz Carlos de Matos Bonates, Hilda Paulette Dávila Doza, Ricardo Zárate Gómez, Therany Gonzales, George Pepe Gallardo Gonzales, Bruce Hoffman, André Braga Junqueira, Yadvinder Malhi, Íres Paula de Andrade Miranda, Linder Felipe Mozombite Pinto, Adriana Prieto, Agustín Rudas, Ademir Roberto Ruschel, José Natalino Macedo Silva, César I. A. Vela, Stanford Zent, Eglée L. Zent, Ángela Cano, Yrma Andreina Carrero Márquez, Diego F. Correa, Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa Costa, Bernardo M. Flores, David Galbraith, Milena Holmgren, Michelle Kalamandeen, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, Alexandre A. Oliveira, Hirma Ramírez‐Angulo, Maira Rocha, Veridiana Vizoni Scudeller, Rodrigo Sierra, Milton Tirado, María Natalia Umaña, Geertje van der Heijden, Emilio Vilanova, Manuel Augusto Ahuite Reategui, Cláudia Baider, Henrik Balslev, Sasha Cárdenas, Luisa Fernanda Casas, William Farfan‐Ríos, Cid Ferreira, Reynaldo Linares‐Palomino, Casimiro Mendoza, Italo Mesones, Germaine Alexander Parada, Armando Torres‐Lezama, Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo, Daniel Villarroel, Roderick Zagt, Miguel N. Alexiades, Edmar Almeida de Oliveira, Karina García‐Cabrera, Lionel Hernández, Walter A. Palacios, Susamar Pansini, Daniela Pauletto, Freddy Ramírez Arévalo, Adeilza Felipe Sampaio, Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Hans ter Steege,

Geological formations and processes

Abstract Amazonia’s floodplain system is the largest and most biodiverse on Earth. Although forests are crucial to the ecological integrity of floodplains, our understanding of their species composition and how this may differ from surrounding forest types is still far too limited, particularly as changing inundation regimes begin to reshape floodplain tree communities and the critical ecosystem functions they underpin. Here we address this gap by taking a spatially explicit look at Amazonia-wide patterns of tree-species turnover and ecological specialization of the region’s floodplain forests. We show that the majority of Amazonian tree species can inhabit floodplains, and about a sixth of Amazonian tree diversity is ecologically specialized on floodplains. The degree of specialization in floodplain communities is driven by regional flood patterns, with the most compositionally differentiated floodplain forests located centrally within the fluvial network and contingent on the most extraordinary flood magnitudes regionally. Our results provide a spatially explicit view of ecological specialization of floodplain forest communities and expose the need for whole-basin hydrological integrity to protect the Amazon’s tree diversity and its function.