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Neoantigen-targeted dendritic cell vaccination in lung cancer patients induces long-lived T cells exhibiting the full differentiation spectrum

2024; Elsevier BV; Volume: 5; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101516

2666-3791

Joline Ingels, Laurenz De Cock, Dieter Stevens, Rupert L. Mayer, Fabien Théry, Guillem Sanchez Sanchez, David Vermijlen, Karin Weening, Saskia De Smet, Nele Lootens, Marieke Brusseel, Tasja Verstraete, Jolien Buyle, Eva Van Houtte, Pam Devreker, Kelly Heyns, Stijn De Munter, Sandra Van Lint, Glenn Goetgeluk, Sarah Bonte, Lore Billiet, Melissa Pille, Hanne Jansen, Eva Pascal, Lucas Deseins, Lies Vantomme, Maarten Verdonckt, Ria Roelandt, Thomas Eekhout, Niels Vandamme, Georges Leclercq, Tom Taghon, Tessa Kerre, Floris Vanommeslaeghe, Annemieke Dhondt, Liesbeth Ferdinande, Jo Van Dorpe, Liesbeth Desender, Frédéric De Ryck, Frank Vermassen, Veerle Surmont, Francis Impens, Björn Menten, Karim Vermaelen, Bart Vandekerckhove,

Immune Cell Function and Interaction

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is known for high relapse rates despite resection in early stages. Here, we present the results of a phase I clinical trial in which a dendritic cell (DC) vaccine targeting patient-individual neoantigens is evaluated in patients with resected NSCLC. Vaccine manufacturing is feasible in six of 10 enrolled patients. Toxicity is limited to grade 1-2 adverse events. Systemic T cell responses are observed in five out of six vaccinated patients, with T cell responses remaining detectable up to 19 months post vaccination. Single-cell analysis indicates that the responsive T cell population is polyclonal and exhibits the near-entire spectrum of T cell differentiation states, including a naive-like state, but excluding exhausted cell states. Three of six vaccinated patients experience disease recurrence during the follow-up period of 2 years. Collectively, these data support the feasibility, safety, and immunogenicity of this treatment in resected NSCLC.