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Czechoslovakia/Czech Republic as a leader in polymer technologies in Central Europe: from contact lenses to 3D printing

2024; CTU Central Library; Volume: 64; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.14311/ap.2024.64.0194

1805-2363

Marcela Efmertová,

Advanced Theoretical and Applied Studies in Material Sciences and Geometry

The Czech Republic prides itself on a long-standing tradition in the scientific field of polymer studies and technologies. Seen in this light, the following article seeks to single out this particular tradition and to highlight some of the facts concerning practical applications that have been significantly enhanced by Czech experts such as Otto Wichterle in the latter half of the 20th century. Otto Wichterle, a prominent Czech chemist, revolutionised the field of ophthalmology with his invention of soft contact lenses. Despite the restrictive regime of Communist Czechoslovakia, Wichterle’s innovative work in organic chemistry, plastics, and biomaterials led to the development of hydrophilic soft contact lenses. His home-based experimental setup, which included a children construction set, a bicycle light battery, a phonograph motor, and homemade glass tubing and moulds, resulted in the creation of a transparent and absorbent gel suitable for eye implants. Wichterle’s pioneering work has had a profound global impact, with his invention now used by over 100 million people worldwide. His research has also paved the way for the development of “smart” biomaterials used in various medical devices.