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Rede nacional de testes moleculares para detecção de Chlamydia trachomatis e Neisseria gonorrhoeae: experiência de implantação-piloto no Brasil

2024; Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz; Volume: 40; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1590/0102-311xpt123023

1678-4464

Pâmela Cristina Gaspar, Angélica Espinosa Miranda, Álisson Bigolin, Amanda Alencar Cabral Morais, Mayra Gonçalves Aragón, José Athayde Vasconcelos Morais, José Boullosa Alonso Neto, Leonor Henriette de Lannoy, Mauro Niskier Sanchez, Dráurio Barreira, Ximena Pamela Díaz Bermúdez, Adele Schwartz Benzaken,

Reproductive Health and Contraception

This study aimed to know the opinion of professionals participating in an experiment to implement a pilot for molecular tests to detect Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae at the Brazilian Unified National Health System (SUS). The detection rate of C. trachomatis and/or N. gonorrhoeae and the factors associated with infection were determined. The strategy included laboratories belonging to the HIV and viral hepatitis viral load network. Testing targeted people who are more vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections and collected urine samples and/or vaginal, endocervical, and/or male urethral swabs. Questionnaires were sent to state managers and laboratory professionals about the implementation of the pilot. Reviews were overall positive. Weaknesses included difficulties changing work processes, lack of human resources, poorly sensitized care professionals, and absence of primary urine tubes, the only input not provided. Strengths included the centralized acquisition of tests, sharing of equipment, and storage of samples at room temperature. Of the 16,177 people who were tested, 1,004 (6.21%) were positive for C. trachomatis; 1,036 (6.4%), for N. gonorrhoeae; and 239 (1.48%), for C. trachomatis/N. gonorrhoeae . Detection of any infection occurred more frequently in young people (≤ 24 vs. > 24 years) (adjOR = 2.65; 95%CI: 2.38-2.96), men (adjOR = 1.95; 95%CI: 1.72-2.21), brown/black individuals (adjOR = 1.06; 95%CI: 1.05-1.11), those in Southeastern Brazil (adjOR = 1.08; 95%CI: 1.02-1.13), and in urethral secretion samples (adjOR = 1.46; 95%CI: 1.41-1.52). Results show the importance of making testing available nationwide, which supported the implementation of a definitive network to detection C. trachomatis/N. gonorrhoeae in SUS.