Development and Field Testing of Multi-Electrode Mixed Potential Electrochemical Sensors for Natural Gas-Hydrogen Mixture Emissions Monitoring
2024; Institute of Physics; Volume: MA2024-01; Issue: 51 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1149/ma2024-01512755mtgabs
ISSN2152-8365
AutoresSleight Halley, Kannan Ramaiyan, James A. Smith, Robert Ian, Kamil Agi, Fernando H. Garzón, Lok‐kun Tsui,
Tópico(s)Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
ResumoTransportation of hydrogen is one of the greatest hurdles to overcome in the development of a clean hydrogen economy [1]. A cost-effective solution to transportation of hydrogen is to mix it with natural gas (NG) and utilize current pipeline infrastructure for transportation [2]. However, hydrogen embrittlement, the higher diffusivity of H 2 , and the uncertain state of much of existing infrastructure makes leaks of H 2 an environmental and safety concern. Current NG leak detection technologies largely use optical sensors such as IR spectrometers that are incapable of detecting H 2 gas [3]. Mixed potential electrochemical sensors (MPES) are low-cost, robust devices capable of detecting a wide variety of gases [4], with the sensitivity and selectivity necessary for point source monitoring of natural gas leaks [5]. Multi-electrode MPES devices using Indium Tin Oxide, Au, and La 0.87 Sr 0.13 CrO 3 and Pt electrodes have previously successfully quantified CH 4 in natural gas at the 10-40 ppm level [5]. In this work, we demonstrated that the Au vs. Pt electrode has a low limit of detection of < 3 ppm for H 2 in an air atmosphere. We also performed field testing of H 2 emissions at CSU’s Methane Emissions Technology Evaluation Center (METEC) in both underground and above-ground emissions of H 2 and H 2 + natural gas mixes (Figure 1) with successful detection of H 2 at the ppm level. Finally, we evaluate the stability of the selectivity and sensitivity during prolonged exposure to H 2 and CH 4 . This work was supported by US Department of Energy Award DE-FE0031864. References: [1] R. Scita, P. P. Raimondi, and M. Noussan, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM), 2020. Accessed: Dec. 01, 2023. Available: https://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep26335.5 [2] F. Öney, T. N. Veziro, and Z. Dülger, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy, vol. 19, no. 10, pp. 813–822, Oct. 1994, doi: 10.1016/0360-3199(94)90198-8. [3] T. Aldhafeeri, M.-K. Tran, R. Vrolyk, M. Pope, and M. Fowler, Inventions, vol. 5, no. 3, Art. no. 3, Sep. 2020, doi: 10.3390/inventions5030028. [4] F. H. Garzon, R. Mukundan, and E. L. Brosha, Solid State Ion., vol. 136–137, pp. 633–638, Nov. 2000, doi: 10.1016/S0167-2738(00)00348-9. [5] S. Halley, K. Ramaiyan, F. Garzon, and L. Tsui. Sens. Actuators B Chem., vol. 392, p. 134031, Oct. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.snb.2023.134031. Figure 1. (a) Field test configuration of an above-ground emission with sampling lines drawing gas to IoT powered sensors. (b) Concentration measurements for H 2 and CH 4 captured on a Mixed Potential Sensor and an Aeris Mid-IR analyzer. Figure 1
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