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Sociopolitical determinants of nutritional profiles and food insecurity among indigenous peoples in contemporary Brazil

2024; PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DE CAMPINAS; Volume: 37; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1590/1678-9865202437e230117

1678-9865

Maurício Soares Leite, Adriana Romano Athila, Aline Alves Ferreira, Deise Bresan, Renata da Cruz Gonçalves, Sílvia Ângela Gugelmin,

Child Nutrition and Water Access

ABSTRACT Objective: To review malnutrition, hunger, anemia, food insecurity and obesity conditions of indigenous peoples in Brazil from 2013 to 2023. Methods: The study combines a sociohistorical approach in the analysis of available government and civil society documents and websites and a bibliographical search in Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus databases, on malnutrition, hunger, anemia, food insecurity and obesity among indigenous peoples in Brazil, from 2013 to 2023. Results: The living conditions scenario is unfavorable for indigenous peoples in Brazil, in absolute and comparative terms with the non-indigenous people, revealing great inequities in health. In the political and socioeconomic framework, the dismantling of state actions and public policies concerning food and nutritional security, the worsening of territorial violence and other important setbacks in environmental issues and on the fundamental rights of indigenous peoples stand out. Conclusion: The inequalities in health profiles and living conditions of indigenous and non-indigenous people in this country and globally, refer to historical-colonial trajectories marked by violence, racism and marginalization. In contemporary Brazil, the possibility of implementing the Human Right to Adequate Food and Nutrition, Food and Nutrition Security and food sovereignty of indigenous peoples has as a structural condition the discontinuation of systematic violations of their lives and territories, as well as a set of specific rights, including health rights, participatively and strenuously obtained in the wake of the country’s redemocratization.