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Drivers of woody dominance across global drylands

2024; American Association for the Advancement of Science; Volume: 10; Issue: 41 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1126/sciadv.adn6007

2375-2548

Lucio Biancari, Martı́n R. Aguiar, David J. Eldridge, Gastón R. Oñatibia, Yoann Le Bagousse‐Pinguet, Hugo Saíz, Nicolas Gross, Amy T. Austin, Victoria Ochoa, Beatriz Gozalo, Sergio Asensio, Emilio Guirado, Enrique Valencia, Miguel Berdugo, César Plaza, Jaime Martínez‐Valderrama, Betty J. Mendoza, Miguel García‐Gómez, Mehdi Abedi, Rodrigo J. Ahumada, Julio M. Alcántara, Fateh Amghar, José D. Anadón, Valeria Aramayo, Tulio Arredondo, Maaike Y. Bader, Khadijeh Bahalkeh, Farah Ben Salem, Niels Blaum, Bazartseren Boldgiv, Matthew A. Bowker, Cristina Branquinho, Chongfeng Bu, Batbold Byambatsogt, Dianela Alejandra Calvo, Andrea P. Castillo Monroy, Helena Castro, Patricio Castro-Quezada, Roukaya Chibani, Abel Augusto Conceição, Courtney M. Currier, David A. Donoso, Andrew J. Dougill, Hamid Ejtehadi, Carlos I. Espinosa, Alex Fajardo, Mohammad Farzam, Daniela Ferrante, Lauchlan H. Fraser, Juan Gaitán, Laureano Gherardi, Elizabeth Gusmán‐Montalván, Rosa Mary Hernández, Norbert Hölzel, Elisabeth Huber‐Sannwald, Frederic Mendes Hughes, Oswaldo Jadán, Florian Jeltsch, Anke Jentsch, Mengchen Ju, Kudzai Farai Kaseke, Liana Kindermann, Melanie Köbel, Peter C. le Roux, Pierre Liancourt, Anja Linstädter, Jushan Liu, Michelle A. Louw, Gillian Maggs‐Kölling, Oumarou Malam Issa, Eugène Marais, Pierre Margerie, João Vitor S. Messeder, Juan Pablo Mora, Gerardo Moreno, Seth M. Munson, Gabriel Oliva, Yolanda Pueyo, R. Emiliano Quiroga, Sasha C. Reed, Pedro J. Rey, Alexandra Rodríguez, Laura B. Rodríguez, Víctor Rolo, Jan C. Ruppert, Osvaldo E. Sala, Ayman Salah, Ilan Stavi, Colton Stephens, Anthony M. Swemmer, Alberto L. Teixido, Andrew D. Thomas, Heather L. Throop, Katja Tielbörger, Samantha K. Travers, Liesbeth van den Brink, Viktoria Wagner, Wanyoike Wamiti, Deli Wang, Lixin Wang, Peter Wolff, Laura Yahdjian, Eli Zaady, Fernando T. Maestre,

Rangeland and Wildlife Management

Increases in the abundance of woody species have been reported to affect the provisioning of ecosystem services in drylands worldwide. However, it is virtually unknown how multiple biotic and abiotic drivers, such as climate, grazing, and fire, interact to determine woody dominance across global drylands. We conducted a standardized field survey in 304 plots across 25 countries to assess how climatic features, soil properties, grazing, and fire affect woody dominance in dryland rangelands. Precipitation, temperature, and grazing were key determinants of tree and shrub dominance. The effects of grazing were determined not solely by grazing pressure but also by the dominant livestock species. Interactions between soil, climate, and grazing and differences in responses to these factors between trees and shrubs were key to understanding changes in woody dominance. Our findings suggest that projected changes in climate and grazing pressure may increase woody dominance in drylands, altering their structure and functioning.