The Re-Emergence of Neuroinvasive Flaviviruses in Croatia During the 2022 Transmission Season
2024; Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Volume: 12; Issue: 11 Linguagem: Inglês
10.3390/microorganisms12112210
ISSN2076-2607
AutoresMaja Bogdanić, Vladimir Savić, Ana Klobučar, Ljubo Barbić, Dario Sabadi, Morana Tomljenović, Josip Madić, Željka Hruškar, Marcela Curman Posavec, Marija Santini, Eddy Listeš, Sunčica Petrinić, Ljiljana Antolašić, Ljiljana Milašinčić, Mahmoud Al-Mufleh, Dobrica Rončević, Tatjana Vilibić‐Čavlek,
Tópico(s)Malaria Research and Control
Resumo(Re-)emerging arboviruses, such as tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), West Nile virus (WNV), and Usutu virus (USUV), are continuously increasing in incidence. We analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of flavivirus infections in humans, sentinel animals, and mosquitoes detected in the 2022 transmission season in Croatia. From April to November 2022, 110 hospitalized patients with neuroinvasive diseases (NID) were tested for the presence of arboviruses. RT-qPCR was used to detect TBEV, WNV, and USUV RNA. An ELISA and virus neutralization tests were used for the detection of flavivirus antibodies. TBEV infection was confirmed in 22 patients with NID. WNV NID was detected in six patients. TBE showed male predominance (81.8%; male-to-female ratio of 4.5:1). All but one WNV patients were males. TBE occurred from April to August, with the majority of patients (83.3%) being detected during the May-June-July period. WNV infections were recorded in August and September. In addition to human cases, asymptomatic WNV infections (IgM positive) were reported in 10 horses. For the first time in Croatia, WNV NID was observed in one horse that presented with neurological symptoms. Furthermore, USUV was confirmed in one dead blackbird that presented with neurological symptoms. A total of 1984 mosquitoes were collected in the City of Zagreb. Two
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