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Spatial variability of soil penetration resistance in cotton growing areas

2024; Centro Editorial of Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Volume: 42; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.15446/agron.colomb.v42n1.112273

2357-3732

Luiz Claudio Rodrigues, Job Teixeira de Oliveira, Túlio Russino Castro, Cassiano Garcia Roque, Fernando França da Cunha,

Soil Mechanics and Vehicle Dynamics

Resistance to soil penetration is a problem in cotton growing areas; this harms plant development and crop productivity. An analysis of spatial variability allows studying the variability of soil physical properties, especially those related to compaction and resistance to penetration. The hypothesis of this study was based on the possibility of evaluating soil compaction in areas cultivated with cotton crops through an analysis of spatial variability. Thus, the aim of the study was to evaluate the spatial variability of soil resistance to penetration and its effects on cotton productivity. The research was carried out in Paraíso das Águas, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, in an agricultural area belonging to Fazenda Indaiá II. The experimental area consisted of a plot of 60 ha, where cotton seeds of the FM 978 6LTP cultivar were planted. The x and y directions of the Cartesian coordinate system were defined and the experimental mesh was staked, spaced 9.9 m apart. Cotton productivity was evaluated (t ha-1) as well as gravimetric soil moisture at a depth of 0 to 0.20 m as well as mechanical resistance to penetration in the following layers: 0 to 0.10 m (RP1), 0.10 to 0.20 m (RP2), 0.20 to 0.30 m (RP3), 0.30 to 0.40 m (RP4), 0.40 to 0.50 m (RP5), 0.50 to 0.60 m (RP6), including average penetration resistance (RPM). For each evaluated variable, classical descriptive analysis and analysis of spatial variability were carried out, with the construction of semi-variogram and later kriging and cokriging maps. To analyze the dependence and spatial interdependence between the variables, the soil resistance to penetration showed spatial variability in the cotton crops; and there was an inversely proportional relationship between cotton productivity and soil resistance to penetration, where the lower the penetration resistance, the higher the cotton productivity.