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Acute thoracic syndrome in children with sickle cell disease hospitalized in the paediatric department of the University Hospital Gabriel Touré (UH-GT)

2025; MedCrave Group; Volume: 15; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.15406/jpnc.2025.15.00573

2373-4426

B Maïga, ME Cissé, Adama Dembélé, Kalirou Traoré, Ibraïma Traoré, Karamoko Sacko, Fousseyni Traoré, B Traoré, A. Touré, Diakité AA, H Diall, Pierre Togo, Aminata Doumbia, Oumar Coulibaly, Abou Coulibaly, D Konaté, I Koné, Fatoumata Dicko, B Togo,

Hematological disorders and diagnostics

The aim of our work was to study the epidemiological and clinical aspects of acute thoracic syndrome in children with sickle cell disease hospitalized in the paediatric department of the Gabriel Touré University. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective study over six (06) years, from January 1, 2017 to October 31, 2022, based on the records of children under 16 years of age with sickle cell disease confirmed by haemoglobin electrophoresis and hospitalized for acute thoracic syndrome in the paediatric department of the UH-GT. Results: The frequency of hospitalization was 5.46%, the average age was 6.2 years, with a male predominance (sex ratio: 4.6). Nearly half of (studie subject?) (47.8%) had a history of vaso-occlusive crises. Chest pain was the main reason of consultation (61.5%). Hyperthermia, tachypnoea and hypoxia were present in 43.6%, 4.4% and 76.9% respectively. Pulmonary signs were dominated by respiratory distress (92.3%), with the homozygous form (SS) being the most common (92.3%). Bilateral basal opacities were found on frontal chest X-ray in 46.2% of patients. All patients were rehydrated. The mean duration of treatment was 9.1 days, with extremes of 2 and 31 days. Mortality rate was 2.6%, related to the degree of hypoxia (P= 0.001). Conclusion: Acute thoracic syndrome is a frequent and serious acute complication of sickle cell disease. Any chest pain associated with respiratory signs and poor oxygen saturation should call for the diagnosis Acute thoracic syndrome.