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In Vitro Propagation and DNA Barcode Analysis of the Threatened Herb Solanum corymbosum from La Joya Desert, Peru

2025; PAGEPress (Italy); Volume: 16; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.3390/ijpb16010015

2037-0164

Ángel David Hernández-Amasifuen, Alexandra Jherina Pineda-Lázaro, Elvin Delgado-Mera, Sergio Sebastian Vega-Herrera, Fernandes Pereira Carolina, Ronan Xavier Corrêa, Juan Carlos Guerrero‐Abad, Mike Anderson Corazón-Guivin,

Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases

This study focused on the in vitro propagation and DNA barcoding of the endangered herb Solanum corymbosum from the La Joya Desert, Peru. The primary objective of this study was to establish a protocol for the in vitro conservation and molecular identification of these species. This study used cytokinins, specifically BAP and TDZ, for shoot regeneration from leaf explants, achieving high rates of shoot regeneration and proliferation. The optimal concentration of TDZ (1 mg/L) resulted in 88.7% regeneration. In the rooting phase, auxins, specifically, IBA and NAA, were used, achieving high rooting rates and root numbers. The optimal concentration of IBA (2 mg/L) resulted in 100% rooting and 9.8 roots per shoot. DNA barcoding with four cpDNA markers (matK, rbcL, trnL-trnF, and psbA-trnH) allowed accurate molecular identification, confirming species identity within the genus Solanum. Key results included successful in vitro propagation with high rates of shoot formation and rooting and 100% survival during acclimatization. Molecular analysis confirmed the taxonomic identification of S. corymbosum, with high percentages of similarity (97% to 100%) with other Solanum species. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed its classification within the Radicans clade, sharing its characteristics with other Andean species of the genus Solanum. This study revealed that the propagation in vitro protocol and DNA barcoding are effective tools for the conservation of S. corymbosum, offering valuable methods for the conservation and genetic study of this and other threatened plant species.