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Body composition and physical performance of mountain bike athletes

2025; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 15; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/s41598-025-88180-4

2045-2322

Rayane Carvalho de Moura, Crislane de Moura Costa, Cirley Pinheiro Ferreira, Bruna Lorena Soares Cavalcante Sousa, Leandra Caline dos Santos, Michelly da Silva Pinheiro, Sérgio Luís Galan Ribeiro, Sandro Soares de Almeida, João Carlos Pinho, Naíza Monte Lages, M. Sousa, I. Costa, Glêbia Alexa Cardoso, A. Silva, Alisson Alves Silva, Jair Leite, Felipe Machado Brito, Lailson Henrique Oliveira dos Santos, Roger Rodrigues, Jairo da Costa Souza, Marcos Antônio Pereira dos Santos,

Thermoregulation and physiological responses

Body composition is a determining factor in the physical performance of cyclists, directly influencing efficiency and power during competitions. Understanding these aspects can help optimize training and maximize results. This study aimed to analyze the influence of body composition on physical performance in mountain bike athletes. His cross-sectional study evaluated 83 mountain bike athletes (11 females, 39.60 ± 11.52 years). Body composition assessment was carried out using bioimpedance analysis. Participants performed the standing long jump and handgrip strength tests, to assess their strength of the lower and upper limbs, respectively. Finally, we measured the completion time of a Mountain Bike Marathon, with the distance of 75 km). Pearson's correlation was analyzed to verify the influence of body composition on race time and physical performance tests. The race time was 168.14 ± 30.85 min. Standing long jump and handgrip strength tests were significantly correlated with all body composition parameters. Additionally, race time was significantly correlated with body fat percentage (r = 0.415, p = 0.000), skeletal muscle mass (r = − 0.427, p = 0.000), total body water (r = − 0.400, p = 0.000), intracellular water (r = − 0.420, p = 0.000), and extracellular water (r = − 0.370,p = 0.000). Body composition has a significant influence on the physical performance of mountain bike cyclists, with body water and muscle mass positively correlated with performance and body fat negatively correlated. A higher percentage of fat results in longer race times, while greater muscle mass and hydration result in shorter race times.