EFFECTS OF A SEAWATER-SOLUBLE FRACTION OF COOK INLET CRUDE OIL AND ITS MAJOR AROMATIC COMPONENTS ON LARVAL STAGES OF THE DUNGENESS CRAB, CANCER MAGISTER DANA
1977; Elsevier BV; Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/b978-0-08-021613-3.50027-9
AutoresRichard S. Caldwell, Elaine M. Caldarone, Michael Mallon,
Tópico(s)Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
ResumoAbstract Larval stages of the Dungeness crab, Cancer magister Dana, were exposed continuously to dilutions of Cook Inlet crude oil water-soluble fraction (WSF) of seawater solutions of naphthalene or benzene for periods lasting up to 60 days. Effects on survival, duration of larval development and size were employed as indicators of toxic effects. The lowest concentration of the WSF at which toxic effects were seen was 4.0% of the full strength WSF (0.0049 mg/1 as naphthalene or 0.22 mg/1 as total dissolved aromatics). The lowest concentration at which toxic effects were observed with naphthalene was 0.13 mg/1 and with benzene was 1.1 mg/1. The concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons in the WSF were inverseley related to the degree of alkylation in each of the benzene and naphthalene families, but the acute toxicity of the 12 compounds was directly related to the degree of alkyl substitution. In addition, naphthalene and its derivatives were more toxic than benzene and its derivatives, but less concentrated in the WSF. Because of these relationships, the individual aromatic compounds, contributed approximately equally to the acute toxicity of the WSF. The collective toxicity of these compounds tested individually accounted for only 8.45% of the WSF acute toxicity. Since benzene contributed a greater fraction of the WSF toxicity in the chronic experiments (approximately 30%) it is suggested that the toxicity of this compound may involve a different mechanism in long term exposures than in acute tests.
Referência(s)