Revisão Revisado por pares

Help-seeking pathways: a unifying concept in mental health care

1993; American Psychiatric Association; Volume: 150; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1176/ajp.150.4.554

ISSN

1535-7228

Autores

Lloyd H. Rogler, Dharma E. Cortés,

Tópico(s)

Mental Health and Patient Involvement

Resumo

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article No AccessHelp-seeking pathways: a unifying concept in mental health carePublished Online:1 Apr 2006https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.150.4.554AboutSectionsView articleAbstractPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail View articleAbstractThe authors argue that the concept of help-seeking pathways, defined generically, oriented toward institutional structures, and put at the forefront of research, can help integrate much of what we know about the use of mental health care and how to make such care more accessible and effective among underserved populations. They focus the concept of help-seeking pathways on current issues and research findings pertinent to the onset of psychological distress, the contacting of mental health care facilities, and treatment in such facilities. Pathways are not random; they are structured by the convergence of psychosocial and cultural factors and have sufficient integrity to be studied directly as unfolding processes. Access content To read the fulltext, please use one of the options below to sign in or purchase access. Personal login Institutional Login Sign in via OpenAthens Register for access Purchase Save for later Item saved, go to cart PPV Articles - American Journal of Psychiatry $35.00 Add to cart PPV Articles - American Journal of Psychiatry Checkout Please login/register if you wish to pair your device and check access availability. Not a subscriber? Subscribe Now / Learn More PsychiatryOnline subscription options offer access to the DSM-5 library, books, journals, CME, and patient resources. This all-in-one virtual library provides psychiatrists and mental health professionals with key resources for diagnosis, treatment, research, and professional development. Need more help? PsychiatryOnline Customer Service may be reached by emailing [email protected] or by calling 800-368-5777 (in the U.S.) or 703-907-7322 (outside the U.S.). FiguresReferencesCited byDetailsCited byPsychosocial Determinants of Mental Healthcare Use Among Mexican-origin Women from Farmworker Families in Southern California23 August 2023 | The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, Vol. 51, No. 1Generalisability of and lessons learned from a mixed-methods study conducted in three low- and middle-income countries to identify care pathways for atrial fibrillation19 July 2023 | Global Health Action, Vol. 16, No. 1Quality of life, social support, and pathways of care among persons with psychiatric disorders—A cross-sectional study30 November 2023 | Industrial Psychiatry Journal, Vol. 32, No. Suppl 1Pathways to eating disorder care: a European multicenter study24 April 2023 | European PsychiatryComparing treatment delays and pathways to early intervention services for psychosis in urban settings in India and Canada26 December 2022 | Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Vol. 58, No. 4The unique pathways to coordinate specialty care for Black families navigating early psychosis: A preliminary reportSchizophrenia Research, Vol. 253When death strikes early as often will: How counsellors and schools can support grieving pupils and students24 February 2021 | Improving Schools, Vol. 26, No. 1The weaponization of medicine: Early psychosis in the Black community and the need for racially informed mental healthcare9 February 2023 | Frontiers in Psychiatry, Vol. 14A study on the pathway to care among patients with first episode psychosis attending a tertiary health care center in North Karnataka20 December 2023 | Telangana Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 9, No. 2Granular analysis of pathways to care and durations of untreated psychosis: A marginal delay model6 December 2022 | PLOS ONE, Vol. 17, No. 12The pathway to care of patients with SUD who presented at addiction treatment centers (AMATEM) in Turkey23 December 2019 | Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse, Vol. 21, No. 1Pathways of Psychiatric Treatment in Rural Patients with Psychosis25 January 2022 | Eastern Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 22, No. 1Systematic review of pathways to care in the U.S. for Black individuals with early psychosis2 December 2021 | npj Schizophrenia, Vol. 7, No. 1Pathways to care in at‐risk mental states: A systematic review12 October 2020 | Early Intervention in Psychiatry, Vol. 15, No. 5Socioeconomic Status, Race and Parental Initial Response to Children's Mental Illness9 October 2020 | Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, Vol. 23, No. 3Experiences of pathways to mental health services for young people and their carers: a qualitative meta-synthesis review18 November 2020 | Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Vol. 56, No. 3Pathway to care in co-occurring disorder and substance use disorder: an exploratory, cross-sectional study from IndiaAdvances in Dual Diagnosis, Vol. 14, No. 1Family-Led Care for People Living with Severe and Enduring Mental Illness (SEMIs) in the Low-Resource Settings5 October 2020Family-Led Care for People Living with Severe and Enduring Mental Illness (SEMIs) in the Low-Resource Settings3 November 2021Linguistic and cultural barriers to access and utilization of mental health care for Farsi-speaking newcomers in QuebecInternational Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care, Vol. 16, No. 4Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp Uygulamalarının Etik Yönden İncelenmesi30 September 2020 | Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp DergisiA systematic review of care pathways for psychosis in low-and middle-income countriesAsian Journal of PsychiatryMigration, Gender Roles, and Mental Illness: The Case of Somali Immigrants in Norway21 August 2019 | International Migration Review, Vol. 54, No. 3Sosyal Hizmet Bölümü Öğrencilerinin Psikolojik Yardım Aramada Kendini Damgalama Durumunun ve Benlik Saygısının Belirlenmesi31 July 2020 | OPUS Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları DergisiThe relationship between sense of community belonging and self-rated mental health among Canadians with mental or substance use disorders12 February 2018 | Journal of Mental Health, Vol. 29, No. 2Pathways to care for people with dementia: An international multicentre study1 December 2019 | International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, Vol. 35, No. 2Cultural and Linguistic Issues in Assessing Trauma in a Forensic Context1 March 2020Youth Experiences With Referrals to Mental Health Services in Canada: Protocol for a Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey Study24 March 2020 | JMIR Research Protocols, Vol. 9, No. 3Family processes and duration of untreated psychosis among US Latinos15 January 2019 | Early Intervention in Psychiatry, Vol. 13, No. 6Pathways to mental health care for patients with severe mental illness in Tunisia29 October 2019 | Pan African Medical Journal, Vol. 34Pathways to specialist care for eating disorders: An Italian multicentre study7 March 2019 | European Eating Disorders Review, Vol. 27, No. 3Crime Victims' Decisions to Call the Police: Past Research and New DirectionsAnnual Review of Criminology, Vol. 2, No. 1Hope and Schizophrenia in the Latino Family Context1 December 2018 | Community Mental Health Journal, Vol. 55, No. 1Society and Mental Health, Vol. 9, No. 3Society and Mental Health, Vol. 9, No. 3Gender differences in pathways to care for early psychosis28 March 2016 | Early Intervention in Psychiatry, Vol. 12, No. 3Incidence and predictors of mental health disorder diagnoses among people who inject drugs in a Canadian setting22 November 2017 | Drug and Alcohol Review, Vol. 37, No. S1Pathways to Care in Patients approaching Community Mental Health Satellite Clinics in North India1 January 2018 | Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Education and Research, Vol. 52, No. 1Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Vol. 53, No. 10International Journal of Mental Health Systems, Vol. 12, No. 1Racial disparities in perceived social support and social service use: Associations with maternal depression and head start participation28 September 2017 | Journal of Community Psychology, Vol. 45, No. 8Pathways to care of young people accessing a pilot specialist youth mental health service in Norfolk, United Kingdom25 April 2016 | Early Intervention in Psychiatry, Vol. 11, No. 5Integrating Culture and Psychotherapy Through the DSM-5 Cultural Formulation Interview23 February 2018School Mental Health, Vol. 9, No. 2PLOS ONE, Vol. 12, No. 8Constructions of Stigma28 September 2017Pathways to mental healthcare in south-eastern Nigeria28 July 2016 | Transcultural Psychiatry, Vol. 53, No. 5Pathways to Care for Patients With First-Episode Psychosis in SingaporeJournal of Nervous & Mental Disease, Vol. 204, No. 4Journal of Religion and Health, Vol. 55, No. 5Children and Youth Services Review, Vol. 65The role of relatives in pathways to care of patients with a first episode of psychosis21 January 2015 | International Journal of Social Psychiatry, Vol. 61, No. 7The Cultural Context of Clinical Assessment20 February 2015International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, Vol. 37, No. 4Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, Vol. 43, No. 3Asian Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 16Journal of Psychology in Africa, Vol. 25, No. 3BMC Psychiatry, Vol. 15, No. 1Journal of Interprofessional Care, Vol. 29, No. 6Healing and Deliverance in the City of Gold18 September 2014Relationship of supernatural beliefs and first treatment contact in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder: An exploratory study from India24 March 2014 | International Journal of Social Psychiatry, Vol. 60, No. 8Pathways to care: how superdiversity shapes the need for navigational assistance10 July 2014 | Sociology of Health & Illness, Vol. 36, No. 8Pathways to (specialized) care: patient costs and contacts en route to a first‐episode psychosis clinic7 October 2013 | Early Intervention in Psychiatry, Vol. 8, No. 4A meta‐analysis of ethnic differences in pathways to care at the first episode of psychosis28 February 2014 | Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Vol. 130, No. 4Pathways to mental health care in Italy: Results from a multicenter study19 September 2013 | International Journal of Social Psychiatry, Vol. 60, No. 5Clinical Social Work Journal, Vol. 42, No. 4Psychiatry Research, Vol. 215, No. 1Counselling Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 27, No. 3BMC Psychiatry, Vol. 14, No. 1Predictors of help-seeking duration in adult-onset psychosis in Hong Kong26 April 2013 | Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Vol. 48, No. 11Religion and Medicalization: The Case of ADHD4 June 2013 | Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, Vol. 52, No. 2Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Vol. 48, No. 12Contemporary Clinical Trials, Vol. 35, No. 1Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Vol. 131, No. 1-2Schizophrenia Research and Treatment, Vol. 2013International Psychiatry, Vol. 10, No. 2International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, Vol. 8, No. 1Multilevel Interdependencies and Constraints in Panic Disorder: Many Triggers, Few Responses23 November 2012Very long pathways to diagnosis among African Americans and Hispanics with memory and behavioral problems associated with dementia9 October 2011 | Dementia, Vol. 11, No. 6"We're Going Through a Lot of Struggles That People Don't Even Know About"28 March 2012 | American Journal of Men's Health, Vol. 6, No. 5Improving mental health awareness among rural Aboriginal men: perspectives from Gippsland28 March 2012 | Australasian Psychiatry, Vol. 20, No. 2The Psychiatric Cultural FormulationJournal of Psychiatric Practice, Vol. 18, No. 2Help Seeking: Perceived Risks for African American Women6 March 2012 | Affilia, Vol. 27, No. 1Child & Youth Care Forum, Vol. 41, No. 5Community Mental Health Journal, Vol. 48, No. 4Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, Vol. 14, No. 6Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, Vol. 26, No. 2Journal of American College Health, Vol. 60, No. 2Mental Health Disparities and Social Justice in the US-Mexico Border Region10 May 2012Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Vol. 46, No. 1Clinical Psychology Review, Vol. 31, No. 5Psychiatric Clinics of North America, Vol. 34, No. 2Psychiatry Research, Vol. 187, No. 3American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, Vol. 81, No. 4Perception of Mental Illness: Preliminary Exploratory Research At a Cross-Cultural Outpatient Psychiatric Clinic15 October 2009 | International Journal of Social Psychiatry, Vol. 57, No. 1International Review of Psychiatry, Vol. 23, No. 1The Complexities of Help-Seeking: Exploring Challenges Through a Social Network Perspective2 December 2010Help Seeking and Help Receiving for Emotional Distress Among Latino Men and Women6 May 2010 | Qualitative Health Research, Vol. 20, No. 11A descriptive study of pathways to care of high risk for psychosis adolescents in Korea20 April 2010 | Early Intervention in Psychiatry, Vol. 4, No. 2Cultural Diversity in Early Psychosis14 July 2011Group differences in outpatient help-seeking for psychological distress: Results from a national prospective study of Icelanders11 January 2010 | Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, Vol. 38, No. 2Gender and self‐reported mental health problems: Predictors of help seeking from a general practitioner7 January 2011 | British Journal of Health Psychology, Vol. 15, No. 1Psychological Medicine, Vol. 40, No. 10British Journal of Social Work, Vol. 40, No. 5International Journal of Mental Health, Vol. 39, No. 3Community attitudes towards culture‐influenced mental illness: scrupulosity vs. nonreligious OCD among orthodox jews20 October 2009 | Journal of Community Psychology, Vol. 37, No. 8Navigating Between Illness Paradigms: Treatment Seeking by Samoan People in Samoa and New Zealand5 October 2009 | Qualitative Health Research, Vol. 19, No. 10Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Vol. 44, No. 8The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, Vol. 36, No. 3Schizophrenia Research, Vol. 115, No. 2-3Psychological Medicine, Vol. 39, No. 11Admission to Women's Crisis Houses or to Psychiatric Wards: Women's Pathways to AdmissionLouise M. Howard, Ph.D., M.R.C.Psych.Elena Rigon, M.D.Laura Cole, B.Sc., M.Sc.Caroline Lawlor, B.Sc., M.Sc.Sonia Johnson, Ph.D., M.R.C.Psych.13 January 2015 | Psychiatric Services, Vol. 59, No. 12Where Do They Go, Whom Do They Consult, and Why? Health-Seeking Behaviors in the Northern Areas of Pakistan1 June 2008 | Qualitative Health Research, Vol. 18, No. 6Depression in African American Women1 May 2008 | Affilia, Vol. 23, No. 2Evaluating A Multiple‐Family Group Access Intervention for Refugees with PTSD15 April 2008 | Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, Vol. 34, No. 2International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, Vol. 17, No. S2Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, Vol. 35, No. 3Current Psychiatry Reports, Vol. 10, No. 3Epilepsy & Behavior, Vol. 13, No. 2Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale, Vol. 17, No. 1Ethnicity & Health, Vol. 13, No. 1Alcohol and Alcoholism, Vol. 43, No. 5Latino Immigrant Men's Perceptions of Depression and Attitudes Toward Help Seeking25 July 2016 | Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 29, No. 4Chinese-Australians' Knowledge of Depression and Schizophrenia in the Context of Their Under-Utilization of Mental Health Care: an Analysis of Labelling27 July 2016 | International Journal of Social Psychiatry, Vol. 53, No. 5Delay of First Treatment of Mental and Substance Use Disorders in MexicoAmerican Journal of Public Health, Vol. 97, No. 9Service Utilisation by Rural Residents with Mental Health Problems25 June 2016 | Australasian Psychiatry, Vol. 15, No. 3Finding Help: Turkish-speaking Refugees and Migrants with a History of Psychosis30 June 2016 | Transcultural Psychiatry, Vol. 44, No. 2The experience of suicidal, substance‐abusing men with severe personality disorders in the emergency department6 August 2007 | Personality and Mental Health, Vol. 1, No. 1Parental beliefs about the nature of ADHD behaviours and their relationship to referral intentions in preschool children15 June 2006 | Child: Care, Health and Development, Vol. 33, No. 2"It's Like Being in a Labyrinth:" Hispanic Immigrants' Perceptions of Depression and Attitudes Toward Treatments26 September 2006 | Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, Vol. 9, No. 1Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, Vol. 31, No. 1, Vol. 26The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 52, No. 5Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, Vol. 14, No. 1-2Use of Outpatient Mental Health Services by Depressed and Anxious Children as They Grow UpRisë B. Goldstein, Ph.D., M.P.H.Mark Olfson, M.D., M.P.H.Priya J. Wickramaratne, Ph.D.Susan I. Wolk, M.D.1 July 2006 | Psychiatric Services, Vol. 57, No. 7Pathways to the First Contact with Specialist Mental Health Care26 June 2016 | Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 40, No. 4Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Vol. 41, No. 7Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, Vol. 33, No. 3Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Vol. 84Schizophrenia Research, Vol. 81, No. 1Fragmented Pathways to CareCrisis, Vol. 27, No. 1Pastoral Care in Education, Vol. 24, No. 3Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, Vol. 28, No. 2Help-Seeking Behaviour Regarding Mental Health Problems of Mediterranean Migrants in the Netherlands: Familiarity with Care, Consultation Attitude and Use of Services27 July 2016 | International Journal of Social Psychiatry, Vol. 51, No. 4Book Review: The Complete Guide to Mental Health for Women15 September 2016 | Affilia, Vol. 20, No. 3Common mental disorders and use of general health services: a review of the literature on population‐based studies16 March 2005 | Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Vol. 111, No. 5Cultural Differences in Access to CareAnnual Review of Clinical Psychology, Vol. 1, No. 1Journal of Community Psychology, Vol. 33, No. 5Child and Youth Care Forum, Vol. 34, No. 6Community Mental Health Journal, Vol. 41, No. 5Clinical Gerontologist, Vol. 28, No. 3Journal of Gerontological Social Work, Vol. 44, No. 3-4Revista de Saúde Pública, Vol. 39, No. 4The Career of the Mentally Ill: An Integration of Psychiatric, Labeling/Social Construction, and Lay Perspectives21 June 2016 | Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Vol. 45, No. 4Modes of Entry Into Services for Young Children With Disruptive Behaviors1 July 2016 | Qualitative Health Research, Vol. 14, No. 9Früh- und Basisintervention bei Patienten mit schizophrenen StörungenDer Nervenarzt, Vol. 75, No. 9Use of Biomedical Services and Traditional Healing Options Among American IndiansMedical Care, Vol. 42, No. 7Documenting pathways to dementia care: Relative validity of questionnaire, interview, and medical record formats4 September 2016 | American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementiasr, Vol. 19, No. 3Estimating Capacity Requirements for Mental Health Services After a Disaster Has Occurred: A Call for New DataAmerican Journal of Public Health, Vol. 94, No. 4Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders, Vol. 18, No. 3Health Services Research, Vol. 39, No. 2Engaging parents and carers with family support services: What can be learned from research on help‐seeking?6 October 2003 | Child & Family Social Work, Vol. 8, No. 4Patterns and Correlates of Contacting Clergy for Mental Disorders in the United States30 April 2003 | Health Services Research, Vol. 38, No. 2The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, Vol. 30, No. 2The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, Vol. 30, No. 2THE MENTAL HEALTH OF RURAL AUSTRALIANS: DEVELOPING A FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC RESEARCH18 December 2002 | Australian Journal of Rural Health, Vol. 10, No. 6Pathways to care: help seeking behaviour in first episode psychosis4 October 2002 | Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Vol. 106, No. 5The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, Vol. 29, No. 4Clinical Psychology Review, Vol. 22, No. 3American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, Vol. 72, No. 2Psychiatric Rehabilitation Skills, Vol. 6, No. 3Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders, Vol. 16The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, Vol. 29, No. 4Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse, Vol. 1, No. 3Help Seeking Behaviour of Psychiatric Patients Before Seeking Care At a Mental Hospital27 July 2016 | International Journal of Social Psychiatry, Vol. 47, No. 4The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, Vol. 28, No. 2Children and Youth Services Review, Vol. 23, No. 3Anxiety, Stress & Coping, Vol. 14, No. 2Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation, Vol. 12, No. 4Journal of Ethnic And Cultural Diversity in Social Work, Vol. 10, No. 4Who Uses Mental Health Services in Australia? An Analysis of Data from the National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing21 December 2016 | Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 34, No. 6Help-Seeking Pathways Among Malay Psychiatric Patients27 July 2016 | International Journal of Social Psychiatry, Vol. 46, No. 4Mental Health Services for American Indians and Alaska Natives: Need, Use, and Barriers to Effective Care1 September 2000 | The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 45, No. 7Anticipated Choices Among Self-, Informal, and Formal Care by Older Canadians1 July 2016 | Journal of Health Psychology, Vol. 5, No. 4HOW DEFINITION OF MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS CAN INFLUENCE HELP SEEKING IN RURAL AND REMOTE COMMUNITIES24 December 2001 | Australian Journal of Rural Health, Vol. 8, No. 3Journal of Community Psychology, Vol. 28, No. 4The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, Vol. 27, No. 3Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale, Vol. 9, No. 3Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, Vol. 37, No. 4Medical Care, Vol. 38, No. 9Children and Youth Services Review, Vol. 21, No. 2The Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease, Vol. 187, No. 8Social Work in Health Care, Vol. 29, No. 1Traditional Cautery among Psychiatric Patients in Saudi Arabia30 June 2016 | Transcultural Psychiatry, Vol. 35, No. 1Multicultural experiences of family caregiving: A study of african american, european american, and hispanic american families27 February 2006 | New Directions for Mental Health Services, Vol. 1998, No. 77Patterns and Predictors of Treatment Contact After First Onset of Psychiatric DisordersRonald C. Kessler, Ph.D., Mark Olfson, M.D., M.P.H., and Patricia A. Berglund, M.B.A.1 January 1998 | American Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 155, No. 1Medical Care, Vol. 36, No. 7British Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 172, No. S33Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation, Vol. 9, No. 3Predicting Intentions to Seek Help from Professional Mental Health Services26 June 2016 | Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 31, No. 4Methodological Challenges in Cross-Cultural Mental Health Research30 June 2016 | Transcultural Psychiatry, Vol. 34, No. 2Epidemiologia e psichiatria sociale. Monograph Supplement, Vol. 6, No. S1Help-Seeking Pathways for Children and Adolescents29 November 2016 | Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, Vol. 4, No. 4Journal of Youth and Adolescence, Vol. 25, No. 6Community Mental Health Journal, Vol. 32, No. 3Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, Vol. 3, No. 2Psychiatry, Vol. 59, No. 2Current Opinion in Psychiatry, Vol. 9, No. 2Journal of College Student Psychotherapy, Vol. 10, No. 4Pathways to a child mental health service27 April 2006 | Child: Care, Health and Development, Vol. 21, No. 4Psychiatric Quarterly, Vol. 66, No. 4Journal of Affective Disorders, Vol. 36, No. 1-2Psychiatric Clinics of North America, Vol. 18, No. 3Psychiatric Clinics of North America, Vol. 18, No. 3Human Organization, Vol. 54, No. 1Biculturality among Puerto Rican adults in the United States1 October 1994 | American Journal of Community Psychology, Vol. 22, No. 5Issues in Mental Health Nursing, Vol. 15, No. 6Journal of Mental Health, Vol. 3, No. 3Mental health status among Puerto Ricans, Mexican Americans, and non‐Hispanic whites: The case of the misbegotten hypothesis1 June 1993 | American Journal of Community Psychology, Vol. 21, No. 3 Volume 150Issue 4 April 1993Pages 554-561 Metrics PDF download History Published online 1 April 2006 Published in print 1 April 1993

Referência(s)