Combustion and Gasification in Fluidized Beds
2006; Informa; Linguagem: Inglês
10.1201/9781420005158
Autores Tópico(s)Granular flow and fluidized beds
ResumoINTRODUCTION Background Fluidized Bed Equipment Features of Fluidized Beds Fluidized Bed and Other Clean Coal Options HYDRODYNAMICS Regimes of Fluidization Fast Fluidized Bed Hydrodynamic Regimes in a CFB Hydrodynamic Structure of Fast Beds Gas-Solid Mixing Scale-Up FLUIDIZED BED GASIFICATION Types of Gasifiers Theory Effect of Operating Parameters on Gasification Effect of Feed Properties on Gasification Fluidized Bed Gasification Examples of Some Fluidized Bed Gasifiers Gas Cleaning Design Methods Modeling of Fluidized Bed Gasification Appendix 3A: Estimating Equilibrium Gas Composition Appendix 3B: An Example of a Fluidized Bed Biomass Gasifier COMBUSTION Stages of Combustion Factors Affecting Combustion Efficiency Combustion in Bubbling Fluidized Bed Boilers Combustion in Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers Biomass Combustion EMISSIONS Air Pollution Sulfur Dioxide Emission Nitrogen Oxide Emission Nitrous Oxide Emission Mercury Emission Carbon Monoxide Emission Carbon Dioxide Emission Emission of Trace Organics Particulate Emission HEAT TRANSFER Gas-to-Particle Heat Transfer Heat Transfer in Circulating Fluidized Beds Heat Transfer in Bubbling Fluidized Bed Freeboard Heat Transfer in Bubbling Fluidized Beds Heat Transfer in Commercial-Size CFB Boilers BUBBLING FLUIDIZED BED BOILER Description of a BFB Boiler Features of BFB Boilers Thermal Design of Bubbling Fluidized Bed Boilers Combustion in Bubbling Fluidized Bed Furnace Design Start-Up Procedure and Control Some Operational Problems and Remedies Design of Feed Systems for BFB Bed Boiler CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED BOILER General Arrangement Types of CFB Boilers Non-CFB Solid Circulation Boilers Combustion in a Circulating Fluidized Bed Furnace Design of CFB Boilers Furnace Design Design of Heating Surfaces Auxiliary Power Consumption Control of CFB Boilers Supercritical CFB Boiler MATERIAL ISSUES Material Selection Criteria Erosion Potential Corrosion Potentials Steels Used in Fluidized Bed Boilers Refractory and Insulations Expansion Joints SOLID HANDLING SYSTEMS FOR FLUIDIZED BEDS Solid Handling Systems Biomass Handling Systems Feed System for Bubbling Beds Feed System for Circulating Fluidized Beds Design of Pneumatic Transport Lines for Solids AIR DISTRIBUTION GRATE Distributor Plates Operation of Distributors Design Methods Practical Considerations GAS-SOLID SEPARATORS Cyclones Impact Separator Inertial Separators SOLID RECYCLE SYSTEMS Types of Non-mechanical Valves Principles of Operation Design of Loop-Seal Design of L-Valve Practical Considerations Nomenclature References APPENDIX 1: CHARACTERISTICS OF SOLID PARTICLES APPENDIX 2: STOICHIOMETRIC CALCULATIONS APPENDIX 3: SIMPLIFIED MODEL FOR SULFUR CAPTURE APPENDIX 4: TABLES OF DESIGN DATA
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