Commercial Production of Extracellular Enzymes
2014; Linguagem: Inglês
10.1128/9781555818388.ch62
AutoresE Ferrari, Alisha Jarnagin, Brian F. Schmidt,
Tópico(s)Phytase and its Applications
ResumoThis chapter discusses production strains and the regulation of extracellular-enzyme expression. The chapter also analyzes the properties of amylases and cellulases produced by Bacillus spp., with comparisons to similar enzymes made by other microorganisms. Almost all of the extracellular enzymes in Bacillus spp. are under temporal control (possibly because of their scavenging nature). Starch-degrading enzymes included such as cellulases, proteases and glucose isomerase are discussed in the chapter. Starch-degrading enzymes have different action patterns on starch and have been characterized by a number of different criteria. Cellulolytic enzymes include cellulases, B. subtilis cellulases and alkalophilic Bacillus cellulases are discussed in the chapter. Cellulases of other gram-positive bacteria are also discussed. Through biochemical analyses of the microbial cellulases and comparisons of gene sequence homologies, predicted amino acid sequence homologies, and predicted structural similarities, several investigators have identified common functional domains and classified the cellulases into nine families. Current studies of the molecular genetics of B. subtilis will generate a better knowledge of the regulation of gene expression and of the mechanisms involved in translation and secretion. This knowledge will allow use of B. subtilis to express and secrete high volumes of homologous modified enzymes and heterologous gene products.
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