Adsorbent Storage for Natural Gas Vehicles
1999; Elsevier BV; Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/b978-008042683-9/50011-x
AutoresTim Cook, C. Komodromos, D.F. Quinn, S. E. Ragan,
Tópico(s)Zeolite Catalysis and Synthesis
ResumoThis chapter reviews the characteristic properties of the adsorbents, which are best suited to methane storage at temperatures substantially above its critical temperature (191 K) as well as the fuel, natural gas, with its other non-methane constituents which affect adsorption storage. The chapter also discusses the proper storage vessel design so that the heat effects occurring during filling and discharge can be minimized and also to the shape of the vessel so that it best utilizes the space available on board the vehicle. With limited space available on-board a vehicle, storage performance must be based on the energy, which can be stored within a given volume. The minimum acceptable level is considered to be 150 VN, 6.2 1b.icubic foot, equivalent to about one gallon of gasoline. To achieve this level of performance, the adsorbent has to adsorb about 120 mg gas per ml of adsorbent, where the adsorbent volume must be the practical packed volume. To date, porous carbons have yielded the best performance, but the micropore volume and pore size must be carefully controlled to make such an uptake possible. Natural gas composition varies greatly. Although principally methane, it often contains components such as higher alkanes which are irreversibly adsorbed at ambient temperature, and gradually reduce the adsorbent uptake of methane, lowering the overall storage capacity. Currently, it is unlikely that natural gas will be “cleaned up” prior to delivery to a natural gas vehicle (NGV). Consequently a vehicle's absorbed natural gas (ANG) storage system will have to be protected from the deleterious components in natural gas.
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