Chapter 1 Phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine
1982; Elsevier BV; Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/s0167-7306(08)60005-8
ISSN1875-7901
Autores Tópico(s)Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
ResumoThis chapter describes the metabolism of phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylserine in mammalian cells. There are two established pathways for the biosynthesis of phosphatidylserine, a phospholipid, which accounts for 5–10% of the total phospholipid in eukaryotic cells. One is a Ca2+-mediated exchange reaction of L-serine with another phospholipid—phosphatidylcholine. The other pathway is the reaction between CDP-diacyl glycerol and L-serine, confined to bacteria and plants. Phosphatidylcholine metabolism in the lung is unique because of the complexity of the pathways, the high degree of its saturation and because of the ability of the lung to produce a surfactant, rich in dipalmitoyl glycerophosphocholine, which is obligatory for the maintenance of the structural integrity of the alveoli. While containing some unsaturated phosphatidylcholine and other phospholipids, the surfactant is primarily composed of dipalmitoylglycerophosphocholine. The phosphatidylethanolamine of both lung tissue and the surfactant has the more normal pattern of fatty acid distribution—that is, a saturated fatty acid in the 1-position and an unsaturated fatty acid in the 2-position.
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